When fired from a gun barrel, any projectile immediately begins losing velocity due to air resistance. Kinetic energy penetrators are often built into the core of a tank shell that splits apart mid-flight, sending a narrow dart of highly dense metal to the target. This penetrator minimizes air resistance and the amount of surface area affected by the force of the metal striking the tank, making it more likely to break through the armor. The high kinetic energy of the round translates to high heat and mechanical stress in the area where the penetrator strikes; when it makes it through the armor, it essentially becomes an arrow of molten metal that can ignite ammunition and fuel inside the target tank.
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