Chinese Businessmen Indicted in Iran Military sales

NEW YORK: Federal prosecutors on Tuesday charged a Chinese businessman with conspiracy in the sale of materials to Iran that could be used in missiles and atomic weapons, in violation of UN restrictions on trade with Tehran.
The 117-count indictment charges Li Fang Wei and his company Limmt Economic and Trade Company with conspiring to conceal transactions bank transactions through New York.
The company allegedly sold Iran's military "high strength aluminum alloys, maraging steel, graphite, tungsten copper, tungsten powder, and other sophisticated dual-use and weapons materials," the indictment read.
The materials are known as dual-use because they have both civilian purposes and also use in rockets and uranium centrifuges. Many of the materials are banned by the United Nations from being sold to Iran.
To conceal his illegal business, the businessman allegedly used a string of aliases and shell companies, the indictment said.
His "purpose in doing so was to use fraud and deception to gain access to the US financial system, to deceive United States and international authorities, and to continue the proliferation of banned weapons material to the Iranian military."
"The shipments of many of these materials were in direct contravention of the international guidelines ... and many of these materials are consistent with materials used in the production of nuclear weapon and ballistic missiles," the indictment said.
Meanwhile in Virginia, a judge sentenced a physicist to 51 months in prison for illegally exporting space launch technical data and defense services to china and offering bribes to Chinese government officials.
Shu Quan-Sheng, 68, a US citizen of Chinese origin, has already been ordered to forfeit 386,740 dollars in connection with the case.

Ellsworth Airmen Perform Tungsten Inert-gas Welding

Photo essay: Ellsworth Airmen perform tungsten inert-gas welding

Airman 1st Class Webb Travis uses tungsten inert gas to weld a panel for a bomb loader during repairs Jan. 26, 2011, at Ellsworth Air Force Base, S.D. Tungsten inert-gas welding is a precise form of welding that can be performed on a variety of metals. Airman Travis is an aircraft metals technology technician assigned to the 28th Maintenance Squadron. (U.S. Air Force photo/Senior Airman Kasey Close)

"Slinging Tungsten and Tin." Has to Be Talked in the Future

"Slinging Tungsten and Tin." Has to Be Talked in the Future Here is the news from US Department of Defense  By Jim Garamone American Forces Press Service WASHINGTON, March 4, 1999 – Some range NCOs talk about "slinging lead down range." In the future they'll have to talk about "slinging tungsten and tin." That's because the Army is producing environmentally friendly ammunition. The first million rounds will be produced at Lake City (Mo.) Army Ammunition Plant, and officials expect troops from all services to be using the new "green" rounds soon after. Researchers at the Army's Armament Research, Development and Engineering Center at Picatinny Arsenal, N.J., developed the 5.56 mm bullets, which have a tungsten-tin core sheathed in copper. Current rounds use lead cores. Don't let "environmentally friendly" fool you: The new rounds proved slightly more accurate than the lead versions during testing, officials said. The new rounds are ballistically and visibly identical to the old and require no special handling. Alaskan National Guardsmen recently finished qualifying using the new rounds. "There was no difference in the performance of the rounds concerning shot groups or functioning of the weapon," said Army Maj. Gary Curtiss, operations officer with the 1st Battalion (Scouts), 297th Infantry. "We've been working on this for about two years," said Jim Arnold, chief of the pollution prevention and environmental technology division at Aberdeen Proving Ground, Md. "The concept is part of an Army initiative called Range 21. It is about the Army being good stewards of training and testing lands." The idea is to reduce lead in the environment. The heavy metal and its chemical compounds are poisonous. Even small doses can cause irreversible brain damage if ingested or breathed. Contrary to news reports, lead contamination is not currently a problem at military outdoor ranges, although it could conceivably leach into surface water on some of the more heavily used ranges, he said. "There's no problem now, but there could be," Arnold said. "Why not look ahead, anticipate problems and solve them before they start?" Arnold said the concern is indoor ranges, such as those used regularly by the reserve components. He said many indoor ranges have been closed. While lead contamination is part of the total picture, general health concerns about the vapors, residues and other pollutants created by firing rounds plays a larger role in closing the indoor ranges. Still lead is toxic and if we can get rid of even the small chance of breathing lead, we should, Arnold said. The tungsten-tin solution is not expensive. Arnold said the costs of new and old rounds are comparable. Once in mass production, tungsten-tin bullets may be cheaper than lead ones, he predicted. The Army buys all the small arms ammunition for the military -- 200 million 5.56mm lead- copper rounds in fiscal 1998. If the green 5.56mm round proves successful in actual field use, researchers will move to 7.62 mm, 9 mm and .50-caliber rounds. "The next is the '50-cal,'" Arnold said. "There's a small amount of lead in the round we think we can get rid of through improving the industrial process in making it. "The 9 mm is the tough nut to crack, because the bullet is fairly large," Arnold continued. "There has to be some cost reduction on tungsten-tin before this will work." "Green" bullets solve only the problem of reducing lead in the environment. Scientists also are working to make bullet propellants and primers "greener." "All my young engineers have been excited about working on this project," Arnold said. "There isn't really a down side to it."

Tungsten& Counterweights in tanks

In combination, a counterweight assembly for theatrical scenery comprising a hollow tank supported for guided vertical shifting, flexible scenery suspension lines having one set of ends thereof anchored to said assembly, elevated antifriction guide means over which mid-portions of said lines are passed with said tank comprising a counterweight for scenery to be suspended from the other set of ends of said lines, said tank including liquid inlet and outlet means, and liquid supply means and liquid drain means operatively connected to said liquid inlet and outlet means for selectively pumping liquid into and draining liquid from said tank, a support or purchase line and vertically spaced rope guide means about which said support line is trained to define a pair of upstanding reaches extending between said rope guide means, said tank being interposed in and supported from one of said rope reaches.

If you want to know more detaila about tungsten alloy, please go to http://www.tungsten-alloy.com

Tungsten&Offensive Grenade

    Offensive grenades were usually used in the above roles. These would either be concussion grenades or fragmentation grenades that produced a limited and predictable casualty area.
    In Vietnam many US troops found that trees prevented fragmentation grenades being thrown far enough for them to escape the danger area. Troops operating in jungle conditions should be issued with concussion grenades as standard, with a couple of “Fragmentation Sleeves” carried for if the grenade is used for a booby trap. The Fragmentation sleeve may just be a flexible wrap-around plastic pad containing steel shot that fastens around the grenade body. When not in use it would fold up at the bottom of a pocket or ammo pouch. A couple of grenades would be carried with sleeves fitted, the rest without.

    Tungsten is widely used in military field such as the weapon -grenade.If you want to more details about tungsten, please go to  http://www.tungsten-alloy.com

    

Components of Rockets

    Rockets consist of a propellant, a place to put propellant (such as a propellant tank), and a nozzle. They may also have one or more rocket engines, directional stabilization device(s) (such as fins, vernier engines or engine gimbals for thrust vectoring, gyroscopes) and a structure (typically monocoque) to hold these components together. Rockets intended for high speed atmospheric use also have an aerodynamic fairing such as anose cone, which usually holds the payload.

    As well as these components, rockets can have any number of other components, such as wings (rocketplanes), parachutes, wheels (rocket cars), even, in a sense, a person (rocket belt). Vehicles frequently possess navigation systems and guidance systems which typically use satellite navigationand inertial navigation systems.

    If you want to know more about tungsten for military use, please go to http://www.tungsten-alloy.com.

Safety, Reliability and accidents of Rockets

   The reliability of rockets, as for all physical systems, is dependent on the quality of engineering design and construction.

    Because of the enormous chemical energy in rocket propellants (greater energy by weight than explosives, but lower than gasoline), consequences of accidents can be severe. Most space missions have some issues. In 1986, following the Space Shuttle Challenger Disaster, American PhysicistRichard Feynmann, having served on the Rogers Commission estimated that the chance of an unsafe condition for a launch of the Shuttle was very roughly 1%; more recently the historical per person-flight risk in orbital spaceflight has been calculated to be around 2% or 4%.

   If you want to know more about tungsten for military use such as rocket, please go to http://www.tungsten-alloy.com.   

Model Rocket Engines & Tungsten

   Recently, I found that Some military weapons use rockets to propel warheads to their targets. A rocket and its payload together are generally referred to as a missile when the weapon has a guidance system (not all missiles use rocket engines, some use other engines such as jets) or as a rocket if it is unguided. Anti-tank and anti-aircraft missiles use rocket engines to engage targets at high speed at a range of several miles, while intercontinental ballistic missiles can be used to deliver multiple nuclear warheads thousands of miles, and anti-ballistic missiles try to stop them. 

     Tungsten is often used in military defense such as rocket owning to  its greatness and resistance to high temperature. If you want to know more details, please go to http://www.tungsten-alloy.com 
    

Rocket &tungsten

     The history of rockets covers a span of eight centuries, but their use in aircraft armament began during World War II. Rockets answered the need for a large weapon that could be fired without recoil from an aircraft. Since the airborne rocket is usually launched at close range and measured in yards or meters, its accuracy as a propelled projectile is higher than a free-falling bomb dropped from high altitude.
    Rockets are propelled by the rearward expulsion of expanding gases from the nozzle of the motor. The necessary gas forces are produced by burning a mass of propellant at high pressure inside the motor tube. It is a common misconception that rockets are pushed forward by the reaction of hot gases against the surrounding air. However, rockets can function even in a vacuum. The propellant contains its own oxidizers to provide the necessary oxygen during burning.
    Rocket has similar relationship with tungsten, if you are interested in rocket and tungsten, please go to http://www.tungsten-alloy.com.

How Do Armor Piercing Bullets Work?

What is an armor-piercing bullet? Of course, a bullet that (almost) no armor or bulletproof vest can withstand. And by the way, bulletproof vests don't exist. What you see in the movies are bullet-resistant vests, a more accurate term for modern body armor.

The degree of resistance of an armor depends on the materials used, how they are layered, the caliber and make of the bullet, the powder load of the cartridge (which affects its speed), and other factors, such as weather.


When facing such an armor, the only thing you can modify in order to penetrate it is the bullet, since manufacturers are involved in a continuous battle: the toughest armor against the toughest armor-piercing rounds. Tungsten alloy is often used to make armor piercing bullets. If you want to know more details, please go to http://www.tungsten-alloy.com.

Tungsten Alloy Munitions Pose Unforeseen Threat

       In response to concerns about the human and environmental health effects of materials used to produce munitions, countries including the United States have begun replacing some lead- and depleted uranium–based munitions with alternatives made of a tungsten alloy. But this solution may not be the “magic bullet” it was once envisioned to be. Researchers from the Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute and the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research now report that weapons-grade tungsten alloy produces aggressive metastatic tumors when surgically implanted into the muscles of rats [EHP 113:729–734]. These findings raise new questions about the possible consequences of tungsten exposure, and undermine the view that tungsten alloy is a nontoxic alternative to depleted uranium and lead. 

     In my opinion, nothing is perfect.Until now, compared to other material like uranium and lead, tungsten alloy is more non-toxic and environmental friendly.So I think it is the best choice.If you want to know more details about it, please go to http://www.tungsten-alloy.com      

    

Kinetic Energy Penetrator Mechanics & Tungsten alloy

       As we know that tungsten alloy is widely used in making kinetic energy penetrators. I want to share with you how kinetic energy penetrators work.  
      When fired from a gun barrel, any projectile immediately begins losing velocity due to air resistance. Kinetic energy penetrators are often built into the core of a tank shell that splits apart mid-flight, sending a narrow dart of highly dense metal to the target. This penetrator minimizes air resistance and the amount of surface area affected by the force of the metal striking the tank, making it more likely to break through the armor. The high kinetic energy of the round translates to high heat and mechanical stress in the area where the penetrator strikes; when it makes it through the armor, it essentially becomes an arrow of molten metal that can ignite ammunition and fuel inside the target tank.

     I think the kinetic energy penetrator mechanics is related to the material tungsten alloy. If you want to know more details, please go to http://www.tungsten-alloy.com

Kinetic Energy Penetrator History

   Innovations in tank protective technology such as sloped armor and increasingly dense materials have made it increasingly difficult to destroy a tank using a traditional large-bore gun barrel. Kinetic energy penetrators were originally used in anti-aircraft guns by Germany in the Second World War to shoot down high altitude bombers. Their value in penetrating tank armor was noted, and armies around the world began developing better penetrators, finding that extremely dense metals were optimal because they could punch through armor at the highest speeds, ensuring the destruction of a target. Tungsten and depleted uranium became the primary sources of kinetic energy penetrator materials by the 1980s.
     After reading the material above, I think the field of tungsten has a bright future in making kinetic energy penetrator. I hope scientists will find more materials which can be used in making military products.If you want to know more details about tungsten, please go to http://www.tungsten-alloy.com     

Sources of Materials for Kinetic Energy Penetrator

    The United States primarily uses depleted uranium in its kinetic energy penetrators as of 2011. This material is a byproduct of nuclear reactors that is mildly radioactive and highly carcinogenic but also extremely dense. A  relatively cheap material due to the quantities of nuclear waste generated by the United States each year, depleted uranium is used in ammunition for tanks as well as aircraft.

        Kinetic energy penetrators are dense metal projectiles designed to defeat the armor on tanks. Fired at high velocities, these penetrators are aerodynamically optimized to minimize air resistance. Tungsten alloy are a bit less dense and more expensive than depleted uranium, but have proven in field exercises to have better penetration characteristics due to their lighter weight. Unfortunately, tungsten's sources are in metal mines and it requires a good deal of refining to make it a viable penetrator core. So i think  future penetrators may incorporate silicon carbide-tungsten glass alloys instead of depleted uranium

       Read more: http://www.tungsten-alloy.com.

Kinetic Energy Penetrator Weapons

     Recently, the US military unveiled a massive kinetic energy weapon - a Trident II missile with a payload of tungsten rods designed to reenter the atmosphere at extremely high speeds, scattering kinetic buckshot everywhere and doing damage similar to the very largest conventional explosives. This is part of the "Prompt Global Strike" program, launched to find non-nuclear alternatives for strategic first strike capability. Because a nuclear-tipped Trident II and a KE penetrator Trident II both look the same from the outside, its hypothetical use may actually increase the chance of nuclear confrontation rather than decrease it, its intended purpose. Russian President Vladimir Putin mentioned this in a speech in May 2006, saying, "The launch of such a missile could... provoke a full-scale counterattack using strategic nuclear forces."

       KE penetrating weapons are frequently seen in science fiction, both in small and large form. Small arms frequently known as "needleguns" make appearances in cyberpunk fiction. Larger KE penetrators, such as space rocks dropped from orbit, feature in some sci-fi stories, and could truly be developed in the longer term future, despite treaties against the militarization of space. The ultimate form of KE penetrator would be a relativistic projectile, an object accelerated into a target at close to the speed of light. Fortunately, accelerating an object like this would require a tremendous amount of space and energy.

         As mentioned in the above, KE penetrating weapons are frequently seen in science fiction, So i am curious about this military product and want to know about this product. I found that tungsten plays an  important role in making KE penetrating weapons. If you want to know more details  about KE penetrating weapons and tungsten. please go to http://www.tungsten-alloy.com

  

        

Tungsten alloy &Kinetic Energy Penetrator

   Yesterday, I watched a video about what is a kinetic energy penetrator. 

    A Kinetic Energy Penetrator is a projectile weapon that does not explode, but rather damages its target by slamming into it at high speeds. (Through kinetic energy alone.) The primary modern usage of a   Kinetic Energy Penetrator is to penetrate tank armor. In the military, the term armour-piercing fin-stabilized discarding sabot (APFSDS) is used for the most common form of KE penetrator. The APFSDS is essentially a superfast (1.4 - 1.9 km/sec) arrow with a tip made of depleted uranium alloy. Besides slamming into a target at tremendous speeds, depleted uranium ignites from the energy of the impact and subsequent contact with air, making this KE penetrator a very effective weapon for taking out tanks.

      Other kinetic energy penetrators have been researched and developed by the military. The Special Purpose Individual Weapon program was a KE penetrator project pursued by US Army researchers and engineers for a couple decades. The goal of this program was to create a workable flechette-based rifle for soldiers to use in the field. There are several military motivations for developing small arms KE penetrators. First, small darts at high velocity (flechettes) have higher penetrating power than traditional bullets. Second, they have less recoil than bullets, allow for better accuracy in automatic fire. Finally, flechettes weigh less, allowing an infantryman to carry more rounds. Unfortunately, though many billions was spent on the project, a handheld KE penetrator never performed well enough to see the light of day. Ammunition jamming was a frequent issue, as well as overheating.

       Then I looked up the Internet and some related books. I realized that the material- tungsten alloy is widely used into making kinetic energy penetrator. If you are interested in tungsten alloy and want to know more details, please go to http://www.tungsten-alloy.com 

Tungsten & Military tank

Recently, I have read a pieces of news about the tank at the end of history

This is either criminally ignorant or diabolical. If the people who want to shut down the line really believe then can just close a single source industry like this for three years and then just open the doors again and take up where they left off they're too stupid to have such a responsible job. 

I've seen comments about the vulnerability of tanks on a modern battle field. That's a meaningless argument used against tanks in this case and other weapons systems in the past. Any weapons system in vulnerable without support from other components of balanced attack. The germans in world war ll first demonstrated how effective a balanced ground attack can be. Most anyone criticizing the effectiveness of tanks has probably never been around tanks much less actually maneuvered with them. I've been around them and consider myself fortunate that they were always on my side. Tanks are a frighteningly effect weapon system and need to be a big part of our ground force for the foreseeable future. And those tanks need to be maintained at the highest levels of readiness. Right now we're on the M-1A2. I hope the A3 is just around the corner.

But on the other hand if as I suspect they are just trying to do to the military what they done to schools, journalism, publishing, and government give away programs; this needs to be taken seriously and worried about. 

I have learnt that  tungsten is one of the raw material used to make tanks.If you are interested in tungsten and want to know more details. Please go to  www.chinatungsten.com/